The Communication
and Transport
of Blood
and samples
between A/E
and the
Blood Transfusion
Laboratory in
Emergency situations
The communication of requests, and the transport of samples and blood products between A/E and the Blood Transfusion Laboratory, merits special consideration. Patients may arrive in A/E with little means of identification, and in urgent need of transfusion; unlike patient’s in other locations, the Laboratory will not have previously been supplied with a G&S sample. Adherence
to an
agreed protocol
for the
requesting, and
issuing of
blood, is
important in
the effective management
of initial
blood requirements. A/E LINK
PERSON
The
nurse in
charge of
Resus will
be the
designated link
person in
A/E, who
will liase
with the
Blood Transfusion
Laboratory, and
deal with
blood requests;
this involves
(in order
of priority):-
- Organising the
taking of
a G&S sample
at the
earliest opportunity
1. Your
name
After having received the first blood units, the A/E link person should call the Blood Transfusion Laboratory to:- -
Update the
BMS with
regard to
additional requirements
(in terms
of number
of Group-specific
units required,
and indicate
time scale). Massive
transfusions After
the first
ten units,
crossmatching is
no longer
performed, and
Group-specific units
are routinely
issued. Group-specific units can
be issued
at a
sustained rate
of 10
units every
ten minutes,
while stocks
last. When
it seems
likely that
active bleeding
will continue
for some
time, please
notify the
BMS, who
will need
to consider
early replacement
of blood
stocks. Platelets
are not
kept in
stock, and
have to
be ordered in
on a
named patient
basis; realistically
it takes
at least
30 minutes
to obtain
platelets, so
it is important to
order them
at an
early stage. FFP
will take 20
to 30
minutes to
thaw; so
it is
important to
order FFP
before coagulation
is affected
by the transfusion of
large volumes
of stored
blood. BLOOD
TRANSFUSION BMS
The BMS in the Blood bank, on receiving a call for Emergency Group O Negative units will:- -
Agree
to issue
the immediate
blood requirements.
E.g. two
Emergency Group
O Negative
(Flying Squad)
units. After
being notified
of additional
blood requirements,
the BMS
in the Blood bank
will:- - Prepare
additional units
as required;
in reality
in this
sort of
situation Laboratory
staff try
to predict
and stay
ahead of
requests (to
alleviate pressure
on themselves). In
the case
of an
Acute Massive
bleed, the
BMS will:- |
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